如何發音 -ed 結尾：/t/、/d/ 或 /ɪd/

Learners often pronounce every -ed ending as a full extra syllable: “work-ed”, “play-ed”, “jump-ed”. Native speakers almost never do. In fact, most -ed endings add no syllable at all.

學習者常把每個 -ed 結尾都唸成完整的額外音節，例如「work-ed」「play-ed」「jump-ed」。母語者幾乎不會這樣。事實上，多數 -ed 結尾根本 不加任何音節。

There are three ways to say -ed, and the rule depends only on the last sound of the verb.

‑ed 有三種發音方式，規則只跟動詞的 最後音 有關。

Rule 1 — /ɪd/: after /t/ or /d/

When the verb already ends in a /t/ or /d/ sound, you need an extra syllable, otherwise you could not hear the ending:

當動詞本身已經以 /t/ 或 /d/ 音結尾時，需要加一個額外的音節，否則結尾聽不出來：

• want → wanted /ɪd/
• need → needed /ɪd/
• decide → decided /ɪd/

This is the only case where -ed is a separate syllable.

這是 -ed 會成為獨立音節的 唯一 情況。

Rule 2 — /t/: after voiceless sounds

After a voiceless sound (/p/, /k/, /s/, /ʃ/, /tʃ/, /f/, /θ/) the ending is a short, quiet /t:

在清音之後（/p/、/k/、/s/、/ʃ/、/tʃ/、/f/、/θ/），結尾會變成短而輕的 /t：

• work → worked /wɜːkt/
• stop → stopped /stɒpt/
• watch → watched /wɒtʃt/
• laugh → laughed /lɑːft/

Rule 3 — /d/: after everything else

After vowels and voiced sounds the ending is a soft /d:

在元音或有聲音之後，結尾會變成柔和的 /d：

• play → played /pleɪd/
• live → lived /lɪvd/
• call → called /kɔːld/

Quick check: put your hand on your throat and say the last sound of the verb. Buzz → /d/. No buzz → /t/. A /t/ or /d/ already there → /ɪd/.

快速檢查：把手放喉嚨上，說出動詞的最後音。有震動感 → /d/。無震動感 → /t/。若已經有 /t/ 或 /d/ → /ɪd/。

Practise with a mini story

I walked home, opened the door, and wanted to sleep. Then I remembered I needed to cook. I washed some rice and called my friend.

用小短文練習

I walked home, opened the door, and wanted to sleep. Then I remembered I needed to cook. I washed some rice and called my friend.

Count the syllables as you read. Walked and washed are one syllable each; only wanted and needed grow.

讀的時候數一下音節。Walked 同 washed 各是單音節；只有 wanted 同 needed 會變成兩個音節。

HolosAccent scores the final consonants of every word, so a dropped or extra -ed is visible right away — a small detail that makes your English sound much more confident.

HolosAccent 會為每個字的最後子音打分，若 -ed 被省掉或多加，都會立刻顯示——這個小細節能讓你的英文聽起來更有自信。